TÜRKÇE
ENGLISH
Information
| Code | VTS136 |
| Name | Histological Preparation Techniques and Diagnostic Methods |
| Term | 2024-2025 Academic Year |
| Semester | 2. Semester |
| Duration (T+A) | 2-0 (T-A) (17 Week) |
| ECTS | 4 ECTS |
| National Credit | 2 National Credit |
| Teaching Language | Türkçe |
| Level | Lisans Dersi |
| Type | Normal |
| Mode of study | Yüz Yüze Öğretim |
| Catalog Information Coordinator | Prof. Dr. MEHMET HALIGÜR |
| Course Instructor |
1 |
Course Goal / Objective
It is aimed to teach the routine techniques and diagnostic methods used in the histological and histopathologic examination of veterinarian candidates working in the laboratory
Course Content
Preparation of histological preparations in the laboratory environment and how to make examinations for preparedness from prepared preparations
Course Precondition
None
Resources
Krause WJ. 2004. The Art of Examining and Interpreting Histologic Preparations, A Laboratory Manual and Study Guide for Histology. Universal Publisher; Lab Manual Edition; Girgin A, Albay B, Liman N, Özfiliz N, Gülmez N, Özcan Z, Yörük M, Erdost H, Aslan Ş, Ergün L, Zık B. 2020. Edit Özer A, Veteriner Özel Histoloji; Lecture notes
Notes
Lecture notes and current literature
Course Learning Outcomes
| Order | Course Learning Outcomes |
|---|---|
| LO01 | Identify devices used in histology and pathology and learn the main principles of tissue follow-up |
| LO02 | Learns the detection of tissues and methods of tissue tracking |
| LO03 | Detect and take cross-sections from tailored textures |
| LO04 | Apply histochemical staining techniques to sections |
| LO05 | Prepare a scrotum by learning the scrotum preparation principles |
| LO06 | Learn histochemical staining methods and make these methods |
| LO07 | They can make immunohistochemical staining methods on sections |
| LO08 | They can make histological examination on meat and meat products |
| LO09 | Examine the preparations prepared in light microscope |
Relation with Program Learning Outcome
| Order | Type | Program Learning Outcomes | Level |
|---|---|---|---|
| PLO01 | Bilgi - Kuramsal, Olgusal | Recognize animal species and breeds in terms of their morphological, functional (physiological, biochemical) and behavioral characteristics. | 2 |
| PLO02 | Beceriler - Bilişsel, Uygulamalı | Determines the correct approach area for the patients by evaluating the examination, operation etc. practices in the clinic according to the topographic anatomy. | |
| PLO03 | Yetkinlikler - Alana Özgü Yetkinlik | Produces solutions to field-specific problems in line with scientific data/evidence. | |
| PLO04 | Yetkinlikler - İletişim ve Sosyal Yetkinlik | Based on his/her professional skills and authority, he/she implements social projects and plans with social awareness. | 3 |
| PLO05 | Yetkinlikler - Bağımsız Çalışabilme ve Sorumluluk Alabilme Yetkinliği | Becomes conscious of performing his profession by being aware of his powers and responsibilities. | |
| PLO06 | Bilgi - Kuramsal, Olgusal | Learn the structures of living organisms, their components at the cellular level, and chemical processes in the body. | |
| PLO07 | Beceriler - Bilişsel, Uygulamalı | Learn to use biochemical processes in diagnostic processes by evaluating the information obtained with cause-effect relationships. | |
| PLO08 | Yetkinlikler - Alana Özgü Yetkinlik | Demonstrates the ability to possess and defend the ethical values of the veterinary profession. | 5 |
| PLO09 | Yetkinlikler - Öğrenme Yetkinliği | Understands the methods of producing and using scientific knowledge in his/her professional field. | |
| PLO10 | Bilgi - Kuramsal, Olgusal | Knows the sources of drugs, their physical and chemical properties and preparation. | |
| PLO11 | Bilgi - Kuramsal, Olgusal | Knows the effects and side effects of medications on patients. | 5 |
| PLO12 | Beceriler - Bilişsel, Uygulamalı | Prescribes and administers medications in accordance with legislation. | |
| PLO13 | Beceriler - Bilişsel, Uygulamalı | Applies the principles of diagnosis and general treatment of poisoning in animals. | |
| PLO14 | Bilgi - Kuramsal, Olgusal | Learns general diagnosis and treatment protocols of animal diseases. | 3 |
| PLO15 | Beceriler - Bilişsel, Uygulamalı | Applies necessary measures, including biosecurity, to control infectious diseases. | |
| PLO16 | Yetkinlikler - Alana Özgü Yetkinlik | Clinically recognizes zoonotic and notifiable diseases and knows how to take appropriate precautions. | 5 |
| PLO17 | Beceriler - Bilişsel, Uygulamalı | Performs systematic necropsy on dead animals, evaluates the findings, knows the methods of preserving tissues and directs them to the necessary laboratories. | 3 |
| PLO18 | Bilgi - Kuramsal, Olgusal | Knows the formation mechanisms of animal diseases and the pathological effects they cause in the body. | 5 |
| PLO19 | Yetkinlikler - Alana Özgü Yetkinlik | Determines the methods of diagnosis, prevention, treatment and operation of surgical diseases in different animal species. | 3 |
| PLO20 | Beceriler - Bilişsel, Uygulamalı | Uses the main treatment methods of surgical diseases in animal species. Evaluates and monitors patients in the postoperative period. | 2 |
| PLO21 | Beceriler - Bilişsel, Uygulamalı | Knows and applies sedation and anesthesia methods safely according to animal species. | |
| PLO22 | Beceriler - Bilişsel, Uygulamalı | Knows and applies pain management methods. | 3 |
| PLO23 | Beceriler - Bilişsel, Uygulamalı | Correctly applies biosafety principles such as sterilization of clinical and laboratory equipment and clothing. | |
| PLO24 | Bilgi - Kuramsal, Olgusal | Applies the information about selection, hybridization and artificial insemination to be able to evaluate the productivity of animal breeds and to be able to carry out breeding work when necessary. | |
| PLO25 | Yetkinlikler - Bağımsız Çalışabilme ve Sorumluluk Alabilme Yetkinliği | Examines scientific techniques and methods according to facts related to veterinary services and takes analysis or methodological responsibility for problems. | |
| PLO26 | Yetkinlikler - Alana Özgü Yetkinlik | Determines clinical diagnosis and treatment protocols for diseases in different animal species. | |
| PLO27 | Yetkinlikler - Öğrenme Yetkinliği | Learns sufficient technological knowledge in the hygienic production, manufacturing, presentation for consumption and sales of animal foods produced for human consumption and/or foods containing animal products in their composition. | |
| PLO28 | Yetkinlikler - Alana Özgü Yetkinlik | Performs health checks on animal foodstuffs offered for consumption. | |
| PLO29 | Yetkinlikler - İletişim ve Sosyal Yetkinlik | Gains awareness about environmental and veterinary public health issues. | |
| PLO30 | Yetkinlikler - Öğrenme Yetkinliği | Follows updated legislation regarding veterinary services and uses it when necessary. | |
| PLO31 | Yetkinlikler - Öğrenme Yetkinliği | Knows the contribution of imaging methods in diagnosis. Performs an examination appropriate for the case by applying radiation safety according to current regulations. | |
| PLO32 | Yetkinlikler - Alana Özgü Yetkinlik | Treats all animals in emergency cases and applies first aid methods. | |
| PLO33 | Beceriler - Bilişsel, Uygulamalı | Prepares care and feeding protocols specific to animal species. | |
| PLO34 | Yetkinlikler - İletişim ve Sosyal Yetkinlik | Provides information to animal owners about breeding principles by evaluating the physical condition, welfare and rearing conditions of domestic animals. | |
| PLO35 | Yetkinlikler - Öğrenme Yetkinliği | Learns lifelong learning and training methods to maintain professional development and skills. | |
| PLO36 | Yetkinlikler - İletişim ve Sosyal Yetkinlik | Gains awareness of working in cooperation with other colleagues within the framework of professional ethics and deontology rules. | |
| PLO37 | Yetkinlikler - İletişim ve Sosyal Yetkinlik | Gains the ability to communicate effectively with patients, the community, colleagues and relevant authorities using appropriate language. | |
| PLO38 | Yetkinlikler - Bağımsız Çalışabilme ve Sorumluluk Alabilme Yetkinliği | Independently understand and interpret articles and presentations published in veterinary medicine and other related scientific fields. | |
| PLO39 | Yetkinlikler - Alana Özgü Yetkinlik | When necessary, euthanizes animals using appropriate methods and respecting the feelings of animal owners. | |
| PLO40 | Bilgi - Kuramsal, Olgusal | Learns how to properly dispose of dead animal material, tissue samples, medical and chemical waste. | |
| PLO41 | Beceriler - Bilişsel, Uygulamalı | Evaluates laboratory results of animal diseases and applies correct diagnosis, prognosis and treatment methods based on the data obtained. | |
| PLO42 | Yetkinlikler - Öğrenme Yetkinliği | Knows to keep clinical and patient records with proper and scientific methods. | |
| PLO43 | Yetkinlikler - Öğrenme Yetkinliği | Learns to prepare case and necropsy reports in a way that is understandable to the society and relevant institutions at a professional level when necessary. | |
| PLO44 | Yetkinlikler - Öğrenme Yetkinliği | Knows how to manage animal production businesses and make appropriate management plans, while taking into account basic medical principles. | |
| PLO45 | Yetkinlikler - Alana Özgü Yetkinlik | Understands the economic, sociocultural and emotional conditions in which veterinarians operate and positions themselves accordingly. |
Week Plan
| Week | Topic | Preparation | Methods |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ntroduction to histological preparation and diagnostic techniques; the purpose of preparation of the preparation, the consumables to be used in preparation of the preparation, the general characteristics of these consumables, the use of materials | lecture notes | Öğretim Yöntemleri: Anlatım, Soru-Cevap, Tartışma, Beyin Fırtınası |
| 2 | Microscopes used in histological examination and their properties; classification of microscopes, properties and application areas of light microscope, properties and applications of electron microscopy, properties of immunofluorescence microscopy and application areas | lecture notes | Öğretim Yöntemleri: Anlatım, Soru-Cevap, Tartışma, Beyin Fırtınası |
| 3 | Solutions for detection of tissues and detection method; properties of formaldehyde and preparation of buffered formalin solution, properties of alcohols and preparation of alcohols to be used for detection purposes, preparation and application areas of Bouin solution, properties and application areas in methanol | lecture notes | Öğretim Yöntemleri: Anlatım, Soru-Cevap, Tartışma, Beyin Fırtınası |
| 4 | Histochemical staining solutions applied to histological sections; hematoxylin preparation and usage areas, eosin preparation and application areas, the staining properties of the tissue and which dye will be painted with the information about | lecture notes | Öğretim Yöntemleri: Anlatım, Soru-Cevap, Tartışma, Beyin Fırtınası |
| 5 | The staining used in histological preparations except for routine dyes and their intended use; Properties of dyes used for fixation of inclusion bodies, properties of lengths used for detection of mucinous material | lecture notes | Öğretim Yöntemleri: Anlatım, Soru-Cevap, Tartışma, Beyin Fırtınası |
| 6 | Utilization and use of the cathode for immunohistochemical staining; The properties of hyperimmune sera, types of hyperimmune sera, what are the functions of hyperimmune sera, the purpose of use of hyperimmune sera, what are the properties of antibodies used in immunohistochemistry | lecture notes | Öğretim Yöntemleri: Anlatım, Soru-Cevap, Tartışma, Beyin Fırtınası |
| 7 | Cryomicrotome tissue sections and fat tissue and cells used for the identification of the staining techniques and general characteristics of dyes, criotom issues to be considered, areas of use of criotom, | lecture notes | Öğretim Yöntemleri: Anlatım, Soru-Cevap, Tartışma, Beyin Fırtınası |
| 8 | Mid-Term Exam | Mid-Term Exam | Ölçme Yöntemleri: Yazılı Sınav, Sözlü Sınav, Ödev |
| 9 | Decalcification of bone, decalcification, acquisition of tissue and cross section, | lecture notes | Öğretim Yöntemleri: Anlatım, Soru-Cevap, Tartışma, Beyin Fırtınası |
| 10 | Kandan froti hazırlama, frotinin boyanması-incelenme ve değerlendirilmesi, smearın hazırlanması tespit edilmesi ve boyanması, smearin incelenmesinde dikkat edilecek hususlar. | lecture notes | Öğretim Yöntemleri: Anlatım, Soru-Cevap, Tartışma, Beyin Fırtınası |
| 11 | Histological analysis methods and their importance in meat products; presence of lung tissue in meat samples, presence of trahea-cartilage-intestine-spleen and similar tissues in meat samples | lecture notes | Öğretim Yöntemleri: Anlatım, Soru-Cevap, Tartışma, Beyin Fırtınası |
| 12 | Microscopic examination techniques in meat and meat products; sausage, sausage, sausage examination and reporting, preparing these tissues for microscope, | lecture notes | Öğretim Yöntemleri: Anlatım, Soru-Cevap, Tartışma, Beyin Fırtınası |
| 13 | Vaginal smear preparation, staining and examination techniques; The determination of oestrus cycle in female dogs, formation of anoestrus period and the cells seen, the mechanism of the period of diöstrus and the characteristics of the cells seen in this period, the mechanism of the period of proöstrus and the characteristics of the cells seen in this period, the mechanism of the oestrus period and the characteristics of the cells seen during this period | lecture notes | Öğretim Yöntemleri: Anlatım, Soru-Cevap, Tartışma, Beyin Fırtınası |
| 14 | Milk somatic cell preparation, staining and examination techniques; somatic cell forms and characteristics, determination of somatic cells in milk, determination of pleomorphic neoplasia cells showing inflammatory or atypia in milk | lecture notes | Öğretim Yöntemleri: Anlatım, Soru-Cevap, Tartışma, Beyin Fırtınası |
| 15 | Recognition of cells in inflammatory events; forms and properties of neutrophil leukocytes, forms and properties of eosinophil leukocytes, forms and properties of basophil leukocytes, the shape and properties of plasma cells, the shape and properties of macrophages or histiocytes, what are the roles of these cells in inflammation | lecture notes | Öğretim Yöntemleri: Anlatım, Soru-Cevap, Tartışma, Beyin Fırtınası |
| 16 | Term Exams | Term Exams | Ölçme Yöntemleri: Yazılı Sınav, Sözlü Sınav, Ödev |
| 17 | Term Exams | Term Exams | Ölçme Yöntemleri: Yazılı Sınav, Sözlü Sınav, Ödev |
Student Workload - ECTS
| Works | Number | Time (Hour) | Workload (Hour) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Course Related Works | |||
| Class Time (Exam weeks are excluded) | 14 | 2 | 28 |
| Out of Class Study (Preliminary Work, Practice) | 14 | 4 | 56 |
| Assesment Related Works | |||
| Homeworks, Projects, Others | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Mid-term Exams (Written, Oral, etc.) | 1 | 2 | 2 |
| Final Exam | 1 | 4 | 4 |
| Total Workload (Hour) | 90 | ||
| Total Workload / 25 (h) | 3,60 | ||
| ECTS | 4 ECTS | ||